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英語語言文學(xué)心得體會實(shí)用 英語語言學(xué)心得體會英文(3篇)

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英語語言文學(xué)心得體會實(shí)用 英語語言學(xué)心得體會英文(3篇)
2023-01-08 18:46:13    小編:ZTFB

我們在一些事情上受到啟發(fā)后,可以通過寫心得體會的方式將其記錄下來,它可以幫助我們了解自己的這段時間的學(xué)習(xí)、工作生活狀態(tài)。那么心得體會怎么寫才恰當(dāng)呢?下面我?guī)痛蠹艺覍げ⒄砹艘恍﹥?yōu)秀的心得體會范文,我們一起來了解一下吧。

主題英語語言文學(xué)心得體會實(shí)用一

存在的問題:

本學(xué)期由于是新接手的班級,學(xué)生的情景不是十分了解,他們的英語基礎(chǔ)如何,在之后的教學(xué)中才慢慢的顯現(xiàn)出來。我在自我的課堂中總感覺學(xué)生不能適應(yīng)自我的教學(xué)方式:學(xué)生上課回答問題不進(jìn)取,參與教學(xué)活動的進(jìn)取性不高。只是一味的聽教師講和做筆記。聽課效率不高。經(jīng)分析,原因是自我上課方式與學(xué)生以前的教師的教學(xué)方式不一樣,學(xué)生不能適應(yīng);課堂上我用的英語過多,語速過快,學(xué)生跟不上、聽不懂。而自我也沒有很好的了解學(xué)生的實(shí)際情景,學(xué)生不回答問題或不參與教學(xué)活動,只是一味的埋怨和批評,致使學(xué)生上課更不敢回答問題,生怕回答錯了以后教師會不高興。

反思:

1、教師要有課堂效益意識。有效的媒體手段有助于課堂容量、密度和速度的提高。不但能夠活躍課堂,更能提高學(xué)生的參與面,能有效的吸引并集中學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)注意,從而最終提高學(xué)習(xí)的聽課效益;自我正好缺乏這方面的`運(yùn)用;其次,課堂效益還體此刻如何設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)。課堂設(shè)計(jì)要有助于學(xué)生在課堂上積極參與,有助于他們有效內(nèi)化知識與信息,復(fù)習(xí)過程中要重視學(xué)習(xí)方法的指導(dǎo),在教學(xué)中恰當(dāng)?shù)貪B透中考的信息,拓寬教學(xué)資料。

2、英語課堂上教師應(yīng)及時有效獲取學(xué)情反饋,有效地進(jìn)行課前回顧,課堂小結(jié)等環(huán)節(jié)的落實(shí)。制定激勵性的英語學(xué)習(xí)效果評價制度,對學(xué)生的聽課、作業(yè)、筆記等方面進(jìn)行跟蹤,及時了解學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、復(fù)習(xí)情景,以便在課堂教學(xué)過程中做出針對性的調(diào)整。

3、注重課堂教學(xué)效率的提高,要切實(shí)抓好備課這一環(huán)節(jié),即備課要精,練習(xí)要精,作業(yè)要精。及時調(diào)整教學(xué)方法,優(yōu)化教學(xué)過程。在課堂教學(xué)中強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識的學(xué)習(xí)。

4、要強(qiáng)化分層次教學(xué)與輔導(dǎo),經(jīng)過分層次教學(xué)和輔導(dǎo)提升學(xué)生的成績,從方法上,要抓住學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的薄弱點(diǎn),區(qū)別不一樣情景,有針對性輔導(dǎo)。從策略上,加強(qiáng)學(xué)生實(shí)際問題的研究,做到缺什么、補(bǔ)什么,從對象上,要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注學(xué)科明顯薄弱的學(xué)生,采用教師定學(xué)生、師生結(jié)對、輔導(dǎo)等有效形式使學(xué)生隨時能得到

1。 學(xué)生對英語學(xué)習(xí)缺乏興趣、自信心和學(xué)習(xí)動力;在英語課堂上不積極參與,缺少主動發(fā)言的熱情或根本不愿意發(fā)言;另外,相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生在聽新課時跟不上教師的節(jié)奏或不能理解教師相對較快的指示語。

2。 學(xué)生對英語課堂知識的掌握不實(shí)在、理解不全面,課外花的冤枉時光多。大部分學(xué)生對書本知識不夠重視,找不到英語學(xué)科復(fù)習(xí)的有效載體,不能有效的利用課本,適時地回歸課本,英語復(fù)習(xí)缺乏系統(tǒng)性,英語學(xué)習(xí)缺乏主動性。

3。 部分學(xué)生缺少教師明確的指導(dǎo),在復(fù)習(xí)時缺乏系統(tǒng)安排和科學(xué)計(jì)劃,或者學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)沒有個性化特點(diǎn), 導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)效果不明顯。

反思:

基于以上情景,我認(rèn)為作為學(xué)生中考的把關(guān)者,首先要有正確地意識,應(yīng)充分認(rèn)識到:一節(jié)課有沒有效益,并不是指教師有沒有教完資料或教得認(rèn)真不認(rèn)真,而是指學(xué)生有沒有學(xué)到什么或?qū)W生學(xué)得好不好。如果學(xué)生不想學(xué)或?qū)W了沒有收獲,即使教師教得很辛苦也是無效教學(xué);或者學(xué)生學(xué)得很辛苦,卻沒有得到應(yīng)有的發(fā)展,也是無效或低效教學(xué)。

對策一:英語教學(xué)和其他學(xué)科一樣,有嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)南到y(tǒng)性和連貫性。學(xué)生在初一、初二段所獲得的語言技能,能否在初三年級得到繼續(xù)發(fā)展,是防止分化的又一個問題。這就給教師提出了更高的要求,即力求把教學(xué)搞“實(shí)”、搞“活”。所謂“實(shí)”就是講究實(shí)際效果,把課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化為具體的要求,落實(shí)到教和學(xué)上,對每課時的教學(xué)計(jì)劃逐項(xiàng)落實(shí)。課堂上,少講空話,多做實(shí)事,精講多練,以學(xué)生為主;對每個單元進(jìn)行考查、總結(jié),分析存在問題,及時補(bǔ)缺補(bǔ)差,幫忙學(xué)生過關(guān)。平時作業(yè)或測驗(yàn)得到好成績或有提高的,必須在班上進(jìn)行表揚(yáng),給予肯定;對作業(yè)錯漏較多的當(dāng)面批改,及時訂正。所謂“活”就是側(cè)重知識的活用訓(xùn)練,把外語課由“講演課”變成“實(shí)踐課”。采用任務(wù)型的教學(xué)方法,在既緊張而又活潑的氣氛中學(xué)習(xí)英語,學(xué)生在情景中很多實(shí)踐,用已知的學(xué)習(xí)未知的,很容易掌握所學(xué)資料。英語和其它功課一樣,需要多練多做。

對策二:良好的師生關(guān)系對培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的興趣大有幫忙。我以前上課總期望學(xué)生能跟上教師的節(jié)奏和步伐,學(xué)生做不到是就容易沖動、發(fā)火,而使課堂氣氛顯得十分沉悶。所以,我將在今后的教學(xué)中注意控制自我的情緒,關(guān)心學(xué)生,尤其差生,同他們交朋友,不歧視他們,不動輒呵斥他們,鼓勵他們的學(xué)習(xí)自信心和學(xué)習(xí)熱情。讓他們在自信中學(xué)習(xí),在歡樂中提高。

新課程改革不是紙上談兵,必須要與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合,今后我要努力學(xué)習(xí),積極參與課程改革,在課改中不斷學(xué)習(xí),不斷實(shí)踐,不斷反思。

對策三:培養(yǎng)良好的英語學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。首先,要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,課前多預(yù)習(xí),課堂45分鐘讓學(xué)生集中注意力聽講,把教師講的資料真正聽懂。不是似懂非懂。課后認(rèn)真完成配套練習(xí),不懂的地方,多向教師或成績好的學(xué)生請教。其次,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)要主次分明,主要學(xué)科課后時光分配相應(yīng)的因當(dāng)多一些,異常是對英語學(xué)科,因?yàn)樗吘共皇钦Z文。基礎(chǔ)不打好,以后想提高也難。第三,要靈活掌握學(xué)過的知識點(diǎn),學(xué)習(xí)要講究方法,舉一反三,融會貫通,僅有這樣,學(xué)生才能把所學(xué)的知識串聯(lián)起來,不容易忘記。

總之,要讓學(xué)生明白,學(xué)習(xí)英語不是一天兩天的事,是要靠平時慢慢積累起來的。我也會在今后的工作中,多向其他英語教師請教,逐步改善自我的課堂教學(xué)模式。讓自我的課堂成為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的一片樂土,幫忙他們不斷提高成績和運(yùn)用英語的本事。

主題英語語言文學(xué)心得體會實(shí)用二

i. listening & speaking

1. how does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

reduce 1)vt.(數(shù)量;力量等)減小;縮小;降低價格 she reduced her weight by 5 kg.

2)使成為(多用于被動語態(tài),且與to連用) the house was reduced to ashes.

he was reduced to begging.

2. scare/frighten sb. 使某人害怕 be scared/ frightened/ afraid of sb./ sth. 害怕某人/某物

a scared/ frightened face/ look/ eyes充滿恐懼的臉/神色/眼神(此人感到害怕)

a scaring/ frightening face/look/ eyes嚇人的臉/神色/眼神(令別人害怕)

be scared/ frightened to death嚇得要死

拓展 terrifying/terrified (可怕的/感到害怕的) exciting/excited (令人激動的/激動的)

surprising/surprised(令人吃驚的/吃驚的) moving/moved (使人感動的/感動的)

touching/touched (使人感動的/感動的) puzzling/puzzled (使人迷惑的/迷惑的)

3. it makes my hair stand on end.

stand on end直立,豎著 on end 1)直立;豎直地

it will fit if you lift it on end.如果把它豎著就合適了

2)連續(xù)的;繼續(xù)的

he sat there for hours on end. it has been snowing on end for a week.

ii. reading

1. attract/ draw sb’s attention 引起某人的注意

attract/ draw sb’s attention to將某人的注意力吸引到…上去

pay attention to/ give one’s attention to注意… call sb’s attention to叫某人注意…

bring sth. to sb’s attention使某人注意…

2 sight 1)景象,景物, 場景, 景觀 a beautiful sight美麗的景象 a sad sight悲慘的場景

2) 風(fēng)景,名勝(人工造的景色, 常用復(fù)數(shù)) see the sights游覽名勝see the sights of the west lake.觀賞西湖風(fēng)景

3)視覺,視力 lose ones sight 失明 have long/far sight遠(yuǎn)視 have short/near sight近視

have good/poor sight視力好/差 have one’s sight tested視力檢查

4) 看,觀望;觀覽at first sight 一見就..., 初次看見時at the sight of一看見…就... catch /have/ gain/ get sight of突然瞥見

5) 視野,眼界 be in sight可看得見的,在視線內(nèi)out of sight看不見的,在視線之外 be/ go /get out of sight看不見了lose sight of 看不見...了

scene 1)自然景色,風(fēng)景the scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

2)眼前的情景,景象(包括人及活動在內(nèi))the scene after the earthquake was horrible.地震后的場景十分可怕。

there is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子們在花園里玩耍,好一派歡樂的景象。

3)現(xiàn)場,出事地點(diǎn)a crowd at the scene of the accident在出事地點(diǎn)的人群

4)場所,地點(diǎn)whats new on the film scene?電影院演什么新片?

5)(戲?。﹫鼍?,布景

view 1)常指從某處可以看到的自然景色 its a room with a view. youll like it. there is a lovely view from this window

2)a point of view觀點(diǎn)

scenery指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色,尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。不可數(shù) 。

i hope one day i will have a long holiday and go to a far-away village to enjoy the beautiful scenery.

3. awake vt.(awoke,awaked) 喚起,叫醒;提醒,啟發(fā);激起,激發(fā) awake sb.s sympathy喚起某人的同情心

adj. [用作表語,補(bǔ)語] 醒著的;意識到 be broad /wide awake完全醒著;完全知道, 充分覺察到 (be sound asleep酣睡)

awake to 明白, 認(rèn)識或意識到

it took her some to awake to the dangers of her situation.過了一段時間她才意識到她處境的危險

4 at hand在手邊;在跟前 help was at hand. 援助近在咫尺

keep sth. at hand把某物放在手邊 have sth. at hand手頭上有某物

give sb. a hand with sth.在某方面幫某人 be made by hand手工制作的

5。there was no way out except by boat.

way out(克服困難的)辦法,出路

find a way out找到出路 help sb. out (of)幫助某人擺脫(…)麻煩

常見搭配:escape doing , a narrow escape

7. urge sb. to do sth.= urge sb. into doing sth =urge that sb. (should) do sth. 極力勸/主張/催促/慫恿某人做某事

①他們慫恿我吃那些奇怪的食物。 they urged me to eat the strange food.

②他力勸我們?nèi)棠褪潜匾摹?he urged us on the necessity of patience.

③他主張我向她道歉。 he urged that i (should ) apologize to her.

8. on/ upon arrival一到就

on/ upon one’s arrival at/ in sp= on/ upon arriving at/ in sp 某人一到某地就

on/ upon doing sth.在做某事時,當(dāng)某事發(fā)生時,一做某事就

immediately 立即,馬上(at once)

when she heard the good news she came immediately. 一聽到好消息,她立刻就來了。

“一……就….”表達(dá)法: immediately/ instantly… the moment, instant, minute, second… hardly/scarcely (no sooner)…when (than)…

immediately he returned from the usa, he began to prepare for a company. 他一從美國回來就開始準(zhǔn)備開公司

iii. integrating skills

1. knock about/ around(口語)漫游;閑逛

knock against / on sth 撞,碰;knock into; knock out of;

2. be up發(fā)生;出事 whats up怎么了, 發(fā)生什么啦? whats up to sb.?某人怎么了, 發(fā)生什么啦?

be up to1)勝任, 適于 be up to one’s work勝任某人的工作

2)從事于,忙于,做(壞事)what in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼?

3)it’s up to sb. to do sth.該由/輪到某人做某事,做某事取決于某人

the success of this project is up to us.這個項(xiàng)目的成敗取決于我們

4)(數(shù)目)到…之多 up to 100 men可達(dá)一百人

up to直到 up to now/ then知道現(xiàn)在/那時

3. do for sb./ sth. “破壞, 使…失敗.”

1) the spelling mistake in the exam did for him.

2) the factory will be done for it if capital can’t arrive in fifteen days.

若資金不能在十五天內(nèi)到位,工廠就完了。

do for “ 設(shè)法弄到” 常用于how , what 開頭的疑問句中.

eg. how did you do for food when you were in the desert?

unit 10 frightening nature

i. listening & speaking

1. how does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

reduce 1)vt._______________ she reduced her weight by 5 kg.

2)使成為(多用于被動語態(tài),且與to連用)

the house was reduced to ashes. he was reduced to begging.

2. scare/frighten sb. 使某人害怕 be scared/ frightened/ afraid of sb./ sth. 害怕某人/某物

a scared/ frightened face/ look/ eyes_______________

a scaring/ frightening face/look/ eyes_______________

be scared/ frightened to death_______________

拓展 terrifying/terrified (_______________) exciting/excited (_______________)

surprising/surprised(_______________) moving/moved (_______________)

touching/touched (_______________) puzzling/puzzled (_______________)

exercise:

(1.)__the big snake, the girl stood under the tree___.

a. seeing ;frightened b. seeing ; frightening c. seen; frightened d. to see; frightening

(2.)the movie was so___that i was___.

a. moving; moved b. moved; moved c. moved; moving d. moving; moving

3. it makes my hair stand on end. stand on end直立,豎著

on end 1) _______________ it will fit if you lift it on end.

2)_______________ he sat there for hours on end. it has been snowing on end for a week.

ii. reading

1. sight 1)景象,景物, 場景, 景觀 a beautiful sight美麗的景象 a sad sight悲慘的場景

2) 風(fēng)景,名勝(人工造的景色, 常用復(fù)數(shù)) see the sights_______________see the sights of the west lake. _______________

3)視覺,視力 lose ones sight _________ have long/far sight_______ have short/near sight_______

4) 看,觀望;觀覽at first sight _________at the sight of_________. catch /have/ gain/ get sight of_________

5) 視野,眼界 be in sight_________out of sight_________ be/ go /get out of sight_________lose sight of _________

scene 1)自然景色,風(fēng)景the scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

2)眼前的情景,景象(包括人及活動在內(nèi))the scene after the earthquake was horrible.

there is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.

3)現(xiàn)場,出事地點(diǎn)a crowd at the scene of the accident

4)場所,地點(diǎn)whats new on the film scene?

5)(戲劇)場景,布景

view 1)常指從某處可以看到的自然景色 its a room with a view. youll like it. there is a lovely view from this window

2)a point of view觀點(diǎn)

scenery指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色,尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。不可數(shù) 。

i hope one day i will have a long holiday and go to a far-away village to enjoy the beautiful scenery.

2. awake vt.(awoke, awaken) 喚起,叫醒;提醒,啟發(fā);激起,激發(fā) awake sb.s sympathy喚起某人的同情心

adj. [用作表語,補(bǔ)語] 醒著的;意識到 be broad /wide awake_________ (be sound asleep酣睡)

awake to 明白, 認(rèn)識或意識到

it took her some to awake to the dangers of her situation.

3 at hand_________________ help was at hand. _________

keep sth. at hand_________ have sth. at hand_________give sb. a hand with sth. _________ be made by hand_________

4。there was no way out except by boat.

way out_________

find a way out找到出路 help sb. out (of)幫助某人擺脫(…)麻煩

常見搭配:escape doing , a narrow escape

6. urge sb. to do sth.= urge sb. into doing sth =urge that sb. (should) do sth. 極力勸/主張/催促/慫恿某人做某事

they urged me to eat the strange food. he urged us on the necessity of patience.

he urged that i (should ) apologize to her.

7. on/ upon arrival_________

on/ upon one’s arrival at/ in sp= on/ upon arriving at/ in sp 某人一到某地就

on/ upon doing sth.在做某事時,當(dāng)某事發(fā)生時,一做某事就

immediately 立即,馬上(at once)

when she heard the good news she came immediately. 一聽到好消息,她立刻就來了。

“一……就….”表達(dá)法:_________; _________; _________; _________

immediately he returned from the usa, he began to prepare for a company. 他一從美國回來就開始準(zhǔn)備開公司

iii. integrating skills

1. knock about/ around(口語)_________

knock against / on sth 撞,碰;knock into; knock out of;

4. be up_________ whats up怎么了, 發(fā)生什么啦? whats up to sb.?某人怎么了, 發(fā)生什么啦?

be up to1)_________ be up to one’s work勝任某人的工作

2)_________ what in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼?

3)it’s up to sb. to do sth. _________ the success of this project is up to us.

4)_________ up to 100 men

5) up to_________ up to now/ then_________

2. do for sb./ sth. “_________.”

1) the spelling mistake in the exam did for him.

2) the factory will be done for if capital can’t arrive in fifteen days.

do for “ 設(shè)法弄到” 常用于how , what 開頭的疑問句中.

eg. how did you do for food when you were in the desert?

語法:省略句與高考

省略句在高考中的體現(xiàn):

1. --- go for a picnic this weekend, ok?

--- ______. i love getting close to nature.(福建)

a. i couldn’t agree more b. i’m afraid not c. i believe not d. i don’t think so

2. --- susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?

--- _______? (2004 全國i 卷) a. what for b. what is it c. how is it d. how come

3. it is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. (2004天津高考)

a. something b. all c. both d. everything

4. unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (上海春季高考)

a. invited b. inviting c. being invited d. having invited

5. the man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____ whether he was going in the right direction. (20北京春季)

a. seeing b. having seen c. to have seen d. to see

6. though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. ( 年上海高考)

a. lacked b. lacking of c. lacking d. lacked in

7. when ______, the museum will be open to the public next year. ( 上海春季高考)

a. completed b. completing c. being completed d. to be completed

8. he made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance to science. ( 上海高考)

a. which i think is b. which i think it is c. which i think itd. i think is

9. if ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. (上海高考)

a. giving b. give c. given d. being given

10.--- alice, why didnt you come yesterday ?

---i ________, but i had an unexpected visitor. (nmet)

a. had b. would c. was going to d. did

key:1-5. aabad 6-10. caacc

在英語中,為了使句子簡潔明快,突出重點(diǎn),常用“省略句”,只要不影響句意的表達(dá),能省略的成分盡可能省略。

一、 在含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句中

由when,while,as, once,whenever引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句;或由if,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;由though,although,even if ,even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;由as though,as if,as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句;由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句;由wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句,若從句的主句是it或與主句的主語相同,且在謂語中含有be時,常省略從句的主語和be。

1. when first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (nmet 2004全國卷ii)

a. introducing b. introduced c. introduce d. being introduced

2. it shames me to say it, but i told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (nmet 2004全國卷iv) a. questioning b. having questioned c. questioned d. to be questioned

3. the man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction. (nmet 安徽春) a. seeing b. having seen c. to have seen d. to see

4. generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (nmet2003上海卷) a. when taking b. when taken c. when to take d. when to be taken

5. unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (nmet 2003上海春)

a. invited b. inviting c. being invited d. having invited

6. when ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (nmet 2002上海春)

a. completed b. completing c. being completed d. to be completed

7. though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. (nmet 2002上海卷)

a. lacked b. lacking of c. lacking d. lacked in

8. the research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (nmet 2002)

a. begins b. having begun c. beginning d. begun

二、在限定性定語從句中

作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom可以省略;在以the same... as和such... as引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,可以省略與主句相同的部分;the way后面的定語從句中,可以省略that,in which;在含被動語態(tài)的定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作主語時,可以省略關(guān)系代詞和be,省略之后,變成過去分詞短語作定語。

9. -you re always working. come on, lets go shopping.

- ________ you ever want to do is going shopping. (nmet 2002北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙古春)

a. anything b. something c. all d. that

10. is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(nmet 2002上海春)

a. he explained b. what he explained c. how he explained d. why he explained

11. what surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (nmet 2004湖北卷)

a. the way b. in the way that c. in the way d. the way which

12. it is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. (nmet 2004天津卷)

a. something b. all c. both d. everything

13. thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ hes done for you. (nmet 2004全國卷) a. something b. anything c. all d. that

三、 在感官動詞或短語中

在see,watch,hear,feel,observe,notice,listen to等感官動詞或短語及make,have,let等使役動詞之后的“賓語+不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語” 結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式前省略to;有時為了避免重復(fù),常省略與上文表達(dá)相同意思的不定式符號to之后的內(nèi)容,只保留不定式符號;不定式在tell,ask, advise, wish, permit, force等動詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語時,可以省略,但要保留不定式符號to;不定式在happy,glad,eager,ready,willing等形容詞后面作狀語時,可以省略,但要保留不定式符號to。

14. as youve never been there before, ill have someone ________ you the way. (met 1990上海卷)

a. to show b. show c. showing d. showed

15. -ill be away on a business trip. would you mind looking after my cat?

-not at all, ________ . (nmet 1995)

a. i have no time b. id rather not c. id like it d. id be happy to

16. -does your brother intend to study german?

-yes, he intends ________ . (nmet 1998上海卷)

a. / b. to c. so d. that

17. -would you like to go to the grand theatre with me tonight?

- ________ . (nmet 上海卷)

a. yes, id like to go to the grand theatre b. id like to, but i have an exam tomorrow

c. no, i wont d. thats right

18. -you should have thanked her before you left.

-i meant ________ , but when i was leaving i couldnt find her anywhere. (nmet 北京春招卷) a. to do b. to c. doing d. doing to

四、 在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中

在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句中含有had,were,should時,可以把had,were,should放在句首,省略if。

19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the yangpu bridge. (nmet 1994上海卷) a. were b. should c. would d. will

20. ________ for the free tickets, i would not have gone to the films so often. (nmet 1995上海卷)

a. if it is not b. were c. had it not been d. if they were not

五、 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中

由nor,neither等引導(dǎo)的連續(xù)否定的句子也是一種省略句,這種句子在意思上與前面的句子是相同的,而且主謂用倒裝。

21. i will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ . (nmet 2004 江蘇卷)

a. anyone b. anyone else c. no one d. no one else

22. of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on mans lives. (nmet 2004 廣東卷) a. there is b. there are c. is there d. are there

23. -i would never come to this restaurant again. the food is terrible!

- ________ . (nmet 2004全國卷iii)

a. nor am i b. neither would i c. same with me d. so do i

key:

1-5 bcdba 6-10 aadca 11-15 abcbd 16-20 bbbbc 21-23 bcb

六. 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略

在同一個句子或聯(lián)系緊密的對話中,為了避免重復(fù),作賓語或補(bǔ)足語的不定式再次出現(xiàn)時,不定式符號to后面的內(nèi)容常常被省略,只保留不定式符號to。常用于動詞refuse, would like, would love, wish, want, hope, expect, intend以及形容詞afraid, happy, glad, willing, ready等之后。

the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________.

a. not to b. not to do c. not do it d. do not to 答案: a

注意:如果承前省略的不定式內(nèi)容有be或作助動詞的have時,不定式符號to后要保留be或have。

-are you a farmer? -no, but i used to be.

七。替代省略

用it, one, that替代句子中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的名詞、代詞或句子;用so, neither / nor引起的分句,表示前面的情況也適用于后者。

1. --- you haven’t lost the ticket, have you ?

--- ______. i know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江蘇高考)

a. i hope notb. yes, i have c. i hope sod. yes, i’m afraid so

2. --- the boys are not doing a good job at all, are they ?

--- ________. (2003北京春)

a. i guess not so b. i don’t guess c. i don’t guess sod. i guess not

3.--- i believe we’ve met somewhere before .

--- no, ________. (2000北京春)

a. it isn’t the same b. it can’t be truec. i don’t think so d. i’d rather not

key:1.a 2.d 3.c

簡析 替代詞so / not用于避免重復(fù)前面所說過的內(nèi)容,代替肯定的名詞性從句??膳c動詞believe , do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及 i’m afraid連用??隙〞r上列動詞都可與so 搭配,否定時hope與guess 只用i hope not 和i guess not 形式,而think ,believe , suppose 等詞可有兩種否定形式 ,即:i think not 或i don’t think so.

例 --- is he going to study abroad?

--- i believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad )

we needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. so peter made ________ from some wood we had.

a. it b. one c. himself d. another

-i would never come to this restaurant again. the food is terrible! -________.

a. nor am i b. neither would i c. same with me d. so do i

答案:① b ② b

八。 答語中的省略

1. 有時為了避免重復(fù),可用so或that作替代語,替代前面所說的內(nèi)容??捎糜趧釉~think, believe, hope, suppose, expect, guess, imagine以及be afraid, of course, certainly, perhaps等后面。

-you havent lost the ticket, have you? -________. i know its not easy to get another one at the moment.

a. i hope not b. yes, i have c. i hope so d. yes, im afraid so 答案: a

2. 含有情態(tài)動詞的答語中可以使用省略回答,只保留情態(tài)動詞;情態(tài)動詞后有be或作助動詞的have時,保留be或have。

-i dont mind telling you what i know. -you ________. im not asking you for it.

a. mustnt b. may not c. cant d. neednt 答案: d

3. 疑問句中的省略回答。

①-susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.

-why ________? john is sitting there doing nothing.

a. him b. he c. i d. me

②-what do you think made mary so upset? -________ her bicycle.

a. as she lost b. lost c. losing d. because of losing 答案:① d ② c

4. 祈使句中的省略回答。

-write to me when you get home. -________.

a. i must b. i should c. i will d. i can 答案: c

九。 會話中的省略

例: 1.--- guess what ! i came across an old friend at the party last night.

--- ______. i’m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004遼寧)

a. sounds good! b. very wellc. how nice !d. all right !

2.--- let’s go and have a good drink tonight.

--- _____ have you got the first prize in the competition? (2004重慶)

a. what for ? b. thanks a lot .c. yes, i’d like tod. why not ?

3. ---brad was jane’s brother!

--- _____ he reminded me so much of jane ! (2004浙江)

a. no doubtb. above all c. no wonderd. of course

4. if you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ____ it -- you’ve got some big bills coming. (2004廣東高考)

a. forgetb. forgotc. forgettingd. to forget

key:1.c 2.a 3.c 4.a

簡析省略在會話中廣泛應(yīng)用,解題時應(yīng)按照問話或答語的具體內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整, 做好該類題型一是要注意上下文語境,二是要注意常見句式的省略。英語中常見句式的省略有:

is … (that…) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中that 部分省略。2.(it is) no wonder … ( 難怪…)

3.(is there) anything else ?

4.(you’d) better do

some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth 等詞組中介詞在口語中常省略

例:1.--- where did you see him last night?

--- it was in the hotel ____ he stayed.

a. where b. that c. which d. /

2. you can’t imagine the great difficulty i had _____ your house.

a. finding b. found c. to find d. find key1.a2.a

簡析第1題可以補(bǔ)全強(qiáng)調(diào)句式that 部分: it was in the hotel where he stayed that i saw him last night. hotel 后為定語從句。

第2題是對have difficulty in doing sth 詞組置于定語從句的考查,介詞in 的省略加大了該題的難度。

主題英語語言文學(xué)心得體會實(shí)用三

英語學(xué)習(xí)、英語教學(xué)越來越受到人們的普遍重視。隨著時代的發(fā)展和社會的提高,英語已從一種工具變成了一種思想,一種知識庫。沒有掌握英語猶如缺乏一種思想,缺少了一個重要的知識源泉。能夠這樣說,學(xué)會英語,不但多了一雙眼睛,一對耳朵,和一條舌頭,甚至是多了一個頭腦!因?yàn)檎Z言是人類思維的工具,認(rèn)識世界的工具,掌握一種語言也即掌握了一種觀察和認(rèn)識世界的方法和習(xí)慣。

從事初中教學(xué)工作的我,結(jié)合日常工作中的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴,總結(jié)以下幾點(diǎn)反思:

初中英語教學(xué)是要重視培養(yǎng)興趣,但單靠唱歌游戲不能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生持久的興趣。新鮮勁兒一過,孩子們就會厭倦。所以,唱歌游戲應(yīng)當(dāng)作為初中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語語言知識、技能的一些手段,而不是培養(yǎng)興趣的手段。我們能夠采用多種手段幫忙學(xué)生在記憶力強(qiáng)的時期多記單詞,多學(xué)習(xí)語言規(guī)則,并盡可能多創(chuàng)造模仿的機(jī)會,提高學(xué)生的語音和語調(diào)。在英語學(xué)習(xí)中,聽、說、讀、寫、譯五種本事是能夠互補(bǔ)的。真正做到聽說先行,讀寫跟上。光聽說不讀寫,很難收到高效。只靠模仿不培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)本事,也難減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)。所以初中學(xué)生還是應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真進(jìn)行語言學(xué)習(xí)。

“不學(xué)習(xí)語言規(guī)則、不掌握相當(dāng)數(shù)量的詞匯,英語應(yīng)用本事就是空中樓閣”。目前在中學(xué)的低年級的英語教學(xué)中,不要求學(xué)生掌握詞匯,而只要求學(xué)生能根據(jù)提示或圖片說出該單詞,其本質(zhì)無非是要學(xué)生們死記硬背,鸚鵡學(xué)舌。由于學(xué)生們沒有相應(yīng)的讀音規(guī)則訓(xùn)練,不熟悉詞匯的拼寫規(guī)則,單詞的音、形、意三者不能有效的結(jié)合在一齊,因而導(dǎo)致了單詞記憶的困難,并成了中學(xué)生學(xué)英語的瓶頸。

一向以來,人們中學(xué)英語教師的語言知識本事要求不高,認(rèn)為中學(xué)英語簡單,不需要太好的語言功底,只要有良好的教學(xué)技能就能夠了。其實(shí)時代在提高,社會在發(fā)展,同樣英語作為人們最廣泛的交際用語之一,更是隨著高科技的迅猛發(fā)展而日新月異地變化著。如果我們的英語教師故步自封,不求進(jìn)取,那么不但自我的語言知識很快陳舊落伍,誤人子弟,并且會被時代所淘汰。

“changing english in the changing world”?,F(xiàn)代英語的變化,異常是口語方面的變化可從以下幾個方面體現(xiàn)出來:

1、隨著人們生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快,更因?yàn)閲H互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的構(gòu)成,人們之間的交際變得越來越簡捷。說話簡單快捷,是現(xiàn)代人生活的一大特征?,F(xiàn)代英語在這方面的變化表現(xiàn)為“一字多用”。

2、隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代英語詞匯急劇增加,并且我們發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)代英語詞匯有相當(dāng)一部分是取得新義的舊詞,如,“input”(輸入電子計(jì)算機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)),“store”(電子計(jì)算機(jī)的儲存器),“drive”(計(jì)算機(jī)驅(qū)動器)等。

3、英國英語和美國英語之間的距離越來越小。也許是美國對世界政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)影響日益強(qiáng)大的原因,美國英語的影響也越來越大,異常是對青少年的影響越來越大,他們以使用美語和發(fā)美國音為時髦。

4、口語不斷侵入書面語。學(xué)過英語的人都明白,英語有正式、非正式、書面語,口語,方言,俚語之分,然而當(dāng)今它們之間相互滲透的現(xiàn)象越來越普遍。

我們的英語教師不跟上時代的步伐,不堅(jiān)持不斷地學(xué)習(xí)和理解新事物,不了解現(xiàn)代英語發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和趨勢,那么,我們所教出來的學(xué)生一旦離開學(xué)校走向社會,他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們所學(xué)的英語是多么bookish(書呆子氣)。而教師自我則可能甚至連小學(xué)生們所津津樂道的一些常用語也可能會出現(xiàn)理解性的錯誤。

在中學(xué)英語的教學(xué)中,因?yàn)檎n文的簡單易懂,所含的信息量少的緣故,很多中學(xué)英語教師忽視了文化對語言的影響,而導(dǎo)致了一些語言情景的不真實(shí),和虛假的語言的產(chǎn)生??缥幕浑H意識的培養(yǎng),是英語教學(xué)的一個重要組成部分。詞匯是文化信息的主要濃縮。對英語詞匯的準(zhǔn)確理解,和對語言環(huán)境的認(rèn)識和創(chuàng)設(shè)和把握,需要對文化的比較深刻的理解。外族文化知識的獲得,主要是經(jīng)過對該族文化歷史的研究和學(xué)習(xí),經(jīng)過對該族語言文學(xué)作品的研讀,經(jīng)過對該族文化生活習(xí)慣、生活方式的了解。而讀原版英語經(jīng)典著作的學(xué)習(xí),是到達(dá)這三條的捷徑。

從教育心理學(xué)的角度看,學(xué)習(xí)過程中影響學(xué)習(xí)效果的最大因素之一是學(xué)習(xí)者的情感控制。近幾十年來,人們越來越意識到在英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中,學(xué)習(xí)者的情感因素,包括動機(jī)和態(tài)度等對英語學(xué)習(xí)的效果乃至成敗起到相當(dāng)大的作用。如何將素質(zhì)教育理論引入外語教學(xué)是當(dāng)前外語教學(xué)戰(zhàn)線的一大課題。英語學(xué)習(xí)成功的因素中,除了智力因素外,更重要的是那些非智力因素的作用。

英語教師的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)是放在教學(xué)資料,教學(xué)大綱和考試形式上呢,還是將教學(xué)注重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到學(xué)生的性格、興趣、情緒等方面的培養(yǎng)和控制 這是,現(xiàn)代教育思想轉(zhuǎn)變的重大原則問題。事實(shí)證明,認(rèn)為自我“民主、開放、平靜、友好、體貼、樂于助人、聰明、富于邏輯性和歡樂”的人,一般來說,其學(xué)習(xí)英語成功的可能性要大于與上述性格相反或相差極大的學(xué)習(xí)者。另外,在外語學(xué)習(xí)過程中,由于外界因素的影響,學(xué)習(xí)者會出現(xiàn)焦慮沮喪煩躁不安等情景,英語教師作為教學(xué)活動的組織者,應(yīng)注意對外語學(xué)習(xí)者情感因素的培養(yǎng)和控制。尤其是在中學(xué)的低年級階段,英語教師要培養(yǎng)對學(xué)生的親近感。在課堂教學(xué)中英語教師要十分尊重學(xué)生,注意激勵學(xué)生,關(guān)注學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)過程。在當(dāng)前“減負(fù)”工作中,英語教師尤其要注意體察學(xué)生在課堂上的心理感受,親近學(xué)生,使學(xué)生喜愛英語教師和英語課,從而提高英語課堂教學(xué)的效益。

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